SOME ADDITIONAL READING.

In these expositions an attempt has been made to show that while Judaism did not become, in a formal sense, a missionary religion, yet in the Old Testament literature as it now lies before us, we can discern a movement towards universalism which afterwards found fuller expression in Christianity. In discourses of this nature there must necessarily be more repetition and less methodical treatment than in an essay or scientific monograph. But it is hoped that even in this popular presentation certain essential features of this great hope have been made prominent, and, without undue strain, appropriate lessons which may be applied to our own religious and social life. It is difficult to give a bibliography of such a subject, as it is mostly treated in an incidental manner in books on history and theology or in commentaries dealing with the particular passages.

In 1896 there was published a lecture by Max Löhr (Der Missionsgedanke im Alten Testament) which sought to give a brief scientific statement of the subject. Professor Lohr's position may be seen from the quotation already given at p. viii. He quotes Noldeke to the effect that cosmopolitanism, something like our missionary thought, which is inseparable from Christianity, could only gain strength when Semitic and Hellenic thought had begun to mingle. He finds in such passages as Jer. xii. 14 f.; xvi. 19, the first sure appearance of the missionary idea. The texts expounded in the course of his study are drawn very largely from Isaiah and the Psalter.

It was not possible within the compass of this volume to discuss such related subjects as the temper of the Book of Esther, and the eschatology of Ezekiel and later prophets. The whole question of the relation of Hebrews to foreigners is dealt with, in an able manner, by Prof. A. Bertholet (Die Stellung der Israeliten und der Juden zu den Fremden, 1896).

Besides the regular histories and commentaries, the following easily-accessible books may also be consulted: —

Israel among the Nations, by P. Leroy Beaulieu.

Politics and Religion in Ancient Israel, by J. C. Todd.

The Exile and the Restoration, by Dr. A. B. Davidson.

After the Exile, by P. Hay Hunter.

The Book of Isaiah, by C. H. Box.

The Messages of the Psalmists, by Dr. J. E. McFadyen.

Prophetic Ideas and Ideals, by Dr. W. G. Jordan.

The Bible as a Missionary Book, by Dr. R. F. Horton.

On the history of Jerusalem and its place in the life of the nation, Dr. Geo. A. Smith's two volumes are of first-class interest and importance. The quotation on p. 61 is from a booklet on The History of Jerusalem, by Dr. J. E. Lee of St Louis, U.S.A.