Swartzentrover.com | Fahling - A Harmony of the Gospels - Chapter 35

A Harmony of the Gospels

By Adam Fahling

Chapter 35

Part XXXV. Friday of Passion Week. "Crucified"
April 7, 30 A.D. or 783 A.U.C.
A.U.C.
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Table Of Contents Matthew Mark Luke John Other
274. Jesus on the Way to Golgotha  Mt 27:31b Mk 15:20b  Lk 23:26a Jn 19:16-17a  
275. Simon of Cyrene Compelled to Bear the Cross Mt 27:32 Mk 15:21 Lk 23:26b    
276. The Lamentation of the Daughters of Jerusalem      Lk 23:27-31    
277. "Crucified" Mt 27:33-38 Mk 15:22-28 Lk 23:32-34, 38 Jn 19:17b-24  
278. Mocked and Reviled by Passers-by Mt 27:39-44 Mk 15:29-32 Lk 23:35-37 (39)    
279. The Penitent Thief      Lk 23:39-43    
280. Jesus Commends His Mother to John       Jn 19:25-27  
281. The Three Hours of Darkness Mt 27:45-50a Mk 15:33-37a Lk 23:44-46a Jn 19:28-30a  

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274. Jesus on the Way to Golgotha  Friday Morning.
(
Mt 27:31b, Mk 15:20b, Lk 23:26a, Jn 19:16-17a)
Mt 27:31b

31When they had mocked him, they took the robe off of him, and put his clothes on him, and led him away to crucify him.

Mk 15:20b

20When they had mocked him, they took the purple off of him, and put his own garments on him. They led him out to crucify him.

Lk 23:26a

26When they led him away, they grabbed one Simon of Cyrene, coming from the country, and laid on him the cross, to carry it after Jesus.

Jn 19:16-17a

16So then he delivered him to them to be crucified. So they took Jesus and led him away. 17He went out, bearing his cross, to the place called “The Place of a Skull,” which is called in Hebrew, “Golgotha,”

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275. Simon of Cyrene Compelled to Bear the Cross
(Mt 27:32, Mk 15:21, Lk 23:26b)
Mt 27:32

32As they came out, they found a man of Cyrene, Simon by name, and they compelled him to go with them, that he might carry his cross.

Mk 15:21

21They compelled one passing by, coming from the country, Simon of Cyrene, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to go with them, that he might bear his cross.

Lk 23:26b

26When they led him away, they grabbed one Simon of Cyrene, coming from the country, and laid on him the cross, to carry it after Jesus.

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276. The Lamentation of the Daughters of Jerusalem  (Lk 23:27-31)

Lk 23:27-31

27A great multitude of the people followed him, including women who also mourned and lamented him. 28But Jesus, turning to them, said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, don’t weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. 29For behold, the days are coming in which they will say, ‘Blessed are the barren, the wombs that never bore, and the breasts that never nursed.’ 30Then they will begin to tell the mountains, ‘Fall on us!’ and tell the hills, ‘Cover us.’[1] 31For if they do these things in the green tree, what will be done in the dry?”


[1]23:30 Hosea 10:8

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277. "Crucified" Friday, 9 A.M. The Arrival at Golgotha. The Mxrrh-Mingled Cup. "Crucified." The Parting of the Garments. "Father, Forgive Them." "Jesus of Nazareth the King of the Jews." a (Mt 27:33-38, Mk 15:22-28, Lk 23:32-34, 38, Jn 19:17b-24)
Mt 27:33-38

33They came to a place called “Golgotha,” that is to say, “The place of a skull.” 34They gave him sour wine to drink mixed with gall. When he had tasted it, he would not drink. 35When they had crucified him, they divided his clothing among them, casting lots,[1] 36and they sat and watched him there. 37They set up over his head the accusation against him written, “THIS IS JESUS, THE KING OF THE JEWS.”

38Then there were two robbers crucified with him, one on his right hand and one on the left.


[1]27:35 TR adds “that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet: ‘They divided my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots;’” [see Psalm 22:18 and John 19:24]

Mk 15:22-28

22They brought him to the place called Golgotha, which is, being interpreted, “The place of a skull.” 23They offered him wine mixed with myrrh to drink, but he didn’t take it.

24Crucifying him, they parted his garments among them, casting lots on them, what each should take. 25It was the third hour,[1] b and they crucified him. 26The superscription of his accusation was written over him, “THE KING OF THE JEWS.” 27With him they crucified two robbers; one on his right hand, and one on his left. 28The Scripture was fulfilled, which says, “He was numbered with transgressors.”


[1]15:25 9:00 A. M.

Lk 23:32-34, 38

32There were also others, two criminals, led with him to be put to death. 33When they came to the place that is called The Skull, they crucified him there with the criminals, one on the right and the other on the left.

34Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they don’t know what they are doing.”

Dividing his garments among them, they cast lots.

38An inscription was also written over him in letters of Greek, Latin, and Hebrew: “THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.”

Jn 19:17b-24

17He went out, bearing his cross, to the place called “The Place of a Skull,” which is called in Hebrew, “Golgotha,” 18where they crucified him, and with him two others, on either side one, and Jesus in the middle. 19Pilate wrote a title also, and put it on the cross. There was written, “JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.” 20Therefore many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek. 21The chief priests of the Jews therefore said to Pilate, “Don’t write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but, ‘he said, I am King of the Jews.’”

22Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

23Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also the coat. Now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout. 24Then they said to one another, “Let’s not tear it, but cast lots for it to decide whose it will be,” that the Scripture might be fulfilled, which says,

“They parted my garments among them.

For my cloak they cast lots.”[1]

Therefore the soldiers did these things.


[1]19:24 Psalm 22:18

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278. Mocked and Reviled by Passers-by (Mt 27:39-44, Mk 15:29-32, Lk 23:35-37 (39))
Mt 27:39-44

39Those who passed by blasphemed him, wagging their heads, 40and saying, “You who destroy the temple, and build it in three days, save yourself! If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross!”

41Likewise the chief priests also mocking, with the scribes, the Pharisees,[1] and the elders, said, 42“He saved others, but he can’t save himself. If he is the King of Israel, let him come down from the cross now, and we will believe in him. 43He trusts in God. Let God deliver him now, if he wants him; for he said, ‘I am the Son of God.’” 44The robbers also who were crucified with him cast on him the same reproach.


[1]27:41 TR omits “the Pharisees”

Mk 15:29-32

29Those who passed by blasphemed him, wagging their heads, and saying, “Ha! You who destroy the temple, and build it in three days, 30save yourself, and come down from the cross!”

31Likewise, also the chief priests mocking among themselves with the scribes said, “He saved others. He can’t save himself. 32Let the Christ, the King of Israel, now come down from the cross, that we may see and believe him.[1]” Those who were crucified with him insulted him.


[1]15:32 TR omits “him”

Lk 23:35-37 [39]

35The people stood watching. The rulers with them also scoffed at him, saying, “He saved others. Let him save himself, if this is the Christ of God, his chosen one!”

36The soldiers also mocked him, coming to him and offering him vinegar, 37and saying, “If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself!”

39One of the criminals who was hanged insulted him, saying, “If you are the Christ, save yourself and us!”

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279. The Penitent Thief  "To Day Shalt Thou Be With Me In Paradise!" (Lk 23:39-43)
Lk 23:39-43

39One of the criminals who was hanged insulted him, saying, “If you are the Christ, save yourself and us!”

40But the other answered, and rebuking him said, “Don’t you even fear God, seeing you are under the same condemnation? 41And we indeed justly, for we receive the due reward for our deeds, but this man has done nothing wrong.” 42He said to Jesus, “Lord, remember me when you come into your Kingdom.”

43Jesus said to him, “Assuredly I tell you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”

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280. Jesus Commends His Mother to John "Woman, Behold Thy Son!" (Jn 19:25-27)
Jn 19:25-27

25But there were standing by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 26Therefore when Jesus saw his mother, and the disciple whom he loved standing there, he said to his mother, “Woman, behold your son!” 27Then he said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother!” From that hour, the disciple took her to his own home.

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281. The Three Hours of Darkness c From Noon To 3 P.M. "Eli, Eli, Lama Sabachthani?" "I Thirst!" "It Is Finished!" "Father, Into Thy Hands I Commend My Spirit."
(
Mt 27:45-50a, Mk 15:33-37a, Lk 23:44-45a, d 46a, Jn 19:28-30a)

Mt 27:45-50a

45Now from the sixth hour[1] there was darkness over all the land until the ninth hour.[2] e 46About the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, “Eli, Eli, lima[3] sabachthani?” That is, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”[4]

47Some of them who stood there, when they heard it, said, “This man is calling Elijah.”

48Immediately one of them ran, and took a sponge, and filled it with vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him a drink. 49The rest said, “Let him be. Let’s see whether Elijah comes to save him.”

50Jesus cried again with a loud voice, and yielded up his spirit.


[1]27:45 noon

[2]27:45 3:00 P. M.

[3]27:46 TR reads “lama” instead of “lima”

[4]27:46 Psalm 22:1

Mk 15:33-37a

33When the sixth hour[1] had come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.[2] 34At the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, “Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?” which is, being interpreted, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”[3]

35Some of those who stood by, when they heard it, said, “Behold, he is calling Elijah.”

36One ran, and filling a sponge full of vinegar, put it on a reed, and gave it to him to drink, saying, “Let him be. Let’s see whether Elijah comes to take him down.”

37Jesus cried out with a loud voice, and gave up the spirit.


[1]15:33 or, noon

[2]15:33 3:00 PM

[3]15:34 Psalm 22:1

Lk 23:44-45

44It was now about the sixth hour[1], and darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour.[2] 45The sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn in two.


[1]23:44 Time was counted from sunrise, so the sixth hour was about noon.

[2]23:44 3:00 PM

Jn 19:28-30a

28After this, Jesus, seeing[1] that all things were now finished, that the Scripture might be fulfilled, said, “I am thirsty.” 29Now a vessel full of vinegar was set there; so they put a sponge full of the vinegar on hyssop, and held it at his mouth. 30When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, “It is finished.” He bowed his head, and gave up his spirit.


[1]19:28 NU, TR read “knowing” instead of “seeing”

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Footnotes

a) A close examination will reveal a little difference in the order, of events. but there are no contradictions.

b) 9 A.M. according to our reckoning of time. The Jews counted their hours from sunrise to sunset.

c) The arrangement of this section seems to be as follows:

The darkness. Matthew Mark  Luke  
"Eli, Eli."  Matthew Mark    
"I thirst."       John
"It is finished."        John
A loud cry. Matthew Mark Luke  
"Father, into Thy hands."     Luke  

d) Luke introduces the rending of the veil in the Temple at this point, which, however, probably occurred later. Again he brings together events which have some internal relation with each other without strict regard for chronological sequence.

e) "Sixth to ninth hour," according to the Jewish reckoning of time. From noon to 3 P.M. according to our time,

 

 
[ ] Verses marked with brackets indicate that the passage has been taken out of its order.

 

Bible References taken from:
The World English Bible (WEB) is a Public Domain (no copyright) Modern English translation of the Holy Bible, based on the American Standard Version of the Holy Bible first published in 1901, the Biblia Hebraica Stutgartensa Old Testament, and the Greek Majority Text New Testament.